Lithium-ion battery electrolyte awmzia?

◆Aqueous electrolyte te hi eng nge ni?

◆Solid Electrolytes chungchang hriat hmasakna

A electrolyte, thil pawimawh tak a nilithium-ion battery hmanga siam a ni, hian battery charge-discharge cycle-ah hmun pawimawh tak a chang a ni.

Lithium ion te efficient taka phurh chhuah leh current kalpui danah mawhphurtu mai ni lovin, positive leh negative electrode inkara direct electron flow tha taka venna tur electronic insulation property a nei bawk. Figurative-ah chuan electrolyte hi lithium-ion battery chhunga "thisen" ang a ni a, positive leh negative electrode material inzawmna a tichiang a, chu chuan charge-discharge process zawng zawng chu a kal tluang thei ang.

Lithium-ion battery atana electrolyte tha ber chuan a hnuaia thil tul panga te hi a tlin tur a ni:

Battery energy density leh power density mamawhna a pun zel avangin battery technology pawh a lo thang chak hle a, electrode materials pawhin hmasawnna nasa tak a nei a ni. Chumi danglamna chu electrolyte system siam chhuahna kawngah a hnufual hle. Tunah hian lithium-ion battery electrolyte siam chhuah hi zau takin chi thum-ah then theih a ni a, chungte chu non-aqueous solvent electrolytes, aqueous electrolytes, leh solid-state electrolytes te an ni.

Non-aqueous solvent electrolyte hmanga siam a ni

 

Lithium-ion battery-a non-aqueous solvent electrolytes tih hian tui awm lo electrolyte system a kawk a, a bik takin solvent, solute (a tlangpuiin lithium salt), leh additives atanga siam a ni. Heng non-aqueous solvents te hi a tlangpuiin organic solvent an ni a, tui electrolysis emaw electrode materials nena adverse reaction awm loh nan aqueous solvent ni lovin. Lithium salt hi lithium-ion phurh chhuahna atana carrier lian ber a ni a, solvent te hi lithium salt te dissolution, dispersion leh support atan an thawk a, additives te hian lithium-ion battery te electrochemical performance emaw safety emaw tihchangtlun nan hna an thawk ber a ni.

Lithium-ion battery-a hman tur sumdawnna atana hman theih electrolyte (chu chu liquid electrolyte) te hi a bul berah chuan lithium salt pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw, organic solvent pahnih emaw a aia tam emaw a hmin atanga siam a ni a solvent pakhat atanga siam electrolyte hi a tlem hle. Solvent tam tak hman chhan chu khawvel tak tak-battery-te hian thil mamawh hrang hrang, inhnialna pawh nei lo, solvent pakhat hmanga tihhlawhtlin harsa tak an neih vang a ni. Entirnan, electrolyte te hian fluidity sang tak an mamawh thei a, chutih rualin dielectric constant sang tak an nei thei bawk; chuvangin, physicochemical property hrang hrang nei solvent te chu a rualin hman a ni fo a, a rualin characteristic hrang hrang an lantir thin. Chubakah, lithium salt hi a tlangpuiin a ruala hman a ni lo a, a chhan chu lithium salt thlan a tlem avangin, a thatna pawh awlsam taka hmuh theih a ni lo.

Organic solvent tha ber berte hian a hnuaia thil pawimawh tak takte hi an nei tur a ni: Pakhatnaah chuan lithium salt te chu a hmin tha theih nan dielectric constant sang tak an mamawh a pahnihnaah chuan, electrolyte hnathawhna temperature range zau zawka siam turin melting point hniam leh boiling point sang tak an nei tur a ni; pathumnaah chuan, viscosity hniam hian medium chhunga lithium ion te efficient migration a tichak a; tin, a tawp berah chuan heng solvent te hi man tlawm tak leh toxicity tlem (ideally non-toxic) nei tur a ni. Carbonate compound hi lithium-ion battery industry-a organic solvent hmasa ber leh hman lar ber pawl a nih avangin battery electrolyte lamah hmun pawimawh tak a chang a ni.

Tunah hian he solvent chi hian structural form pahnih a huam ber a, chungte chu cyclic leh chain te an ni. A hnuaia table hian non-aqueous solvent, electrolyte, leh organic solvent hman tlanglawn engemaw zat physical parameter inzawmkhawmte a tarlang a ni.

Tunah hian electrolyte-ah hian alkyl carbonate solvent hi hman a ni nasa hle. Heng solvent te hian oxidation resistance tha tak an nei a, voltage sang tak hnuaiah pawh stability tha tak an nei bawk. Cyclic carbonate, ethylene carbonate leh propylene carbonate te hi dielectric constant sang tak neia hriat an ni a, chu chu lithium salt te chu a tha zawkin an tithianghlim thei tihna a ni mahse, intermolecular force chak tak avang hian heng solvent te hian viscosity sang tak an nei a, chu chuan an chhunga lithium ion te kalna a tikhawlo a ni. Chumi danglamna chu chain carbonate, dimethyl carbonate leh diethyl carbonate te hian viscosity hniam zawk an neih laiin dielectric constant an nei tlem hle a, hei hian lithium salt te tan dissolution efficiency a ti tha lo hle. Chuvangin, ionic conductivity sang zawk nei solution system siam tur chuan solvent chi hrang hrang, PC+DEC emaw EC+DMC combination te chu an inhmeh tir fo thin. Lithium salt hi electrolyte-a lithium ion awmna bulpui a nih avangin lithium-ion battery charge leh discharge-naah lithium-ion ion transport-ah hmun pawimawh tak a chang a ni. An hnathawh hian lithium-ion battery-a thil tam tak direct-in a nghawng a, chung zingah chuan energy density, power density, operating voltage range, cycle life, leh safety te pawh a tel. Tunah hian laboratory research leh industrial practice-ah chuan anionic radii lian tak tak leh redox stability sang tak nei lithium salt thlan chhuah a ni tlangpui. An chemical composition a zirin lithium salt hi zau takin chi hnih ah then theih a ni a, chungte chu inorganic lithium salt leh organic lithium salt te an ni. Inorganic lithium salt engemawzat siam chhuah a ni tawh a, chung zingah chuan LiPF6, LiClO4, LIBF, leh LIASF te pawh an tel. Chumi danglamna chu lithium-ion battery-a hman tlanglawn tak organic lithium salt te hi heng inorganic lithium salt te anion-ah hian electron-withdrawing group dahin an siam a, chu chu lithium dioxalato-borate (LiBOB), lithium difluorooxalato-borate ([iODFB]), lithium te hi a ni difluorosulfonylimide (LiFSI), leh lithium ditrifluoromethylsulfonylimide (LTFSI).A hnuaia table hian lithium-ion battery-a lithium salt hman tlanglawn engemaw zat physicochemical property inzawmte tarlan a ni.

Additives chu electrolyte-a thil awm zat tlem (a tlangpuiin 10% aia tam lo)-a dah, hnathawh bik nei, battery-a electrochemical characteristic nasa taka tihchangtlun theihna a ni. An hnathawh dan azirin heng additives te hi zau takin chi hrang hrangah then theih a ni a, chungte chu film-forming additives, flame retardants, leh overcharging venna atana additives te an ni. Chu bakah, conductivity tihsan nan, low-temperature condition hnuaia performance tihchangtlun nan emaw, electrolyte solution-a trace amounts leh HF concentration control nan emaw hman thin additives a awm bawk.